Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder affecting many women of reproductive age. It is characterized by a combination of irregular menstrual cycles, excess levels of androgens (male hormones), and the formation of small cysts on the ovaries. Understanding the link between PCOS and insulin resistance sheds light on the disorder’s root causes.

Insulin resistance, a core factor in PCOS development, occurs when the body’s cells become less responsive to insulin, a hormone vital for regulating blood sugar levels. In response to this decreased sensitivity, the pancreas produces more insulin to maintain normal glucose levels. However, elevated insulin levels trigger the ovaries to produce excess androgens, notably testosterone.

The surplus of androgens disrupts the delicate hormonal balance necessary for regular menstrual cycles and ovulation. Consequently, the menstrual cycle becomes irregular or absent, making it challenging for women with PCOS to predict ovulation accurately. This irregular ovulation impacts fertility, as it may be difficult to identify the optimal time for conception.

Furthermore, the link between insulin resistance and PCOS exacerbates various negative symptoms experienced by affected individuals. Excess insulin can stimulate the body to store fat, contributing to weight gain—a common symptom in those with PCOS. Additionally, heightened levels of androgens can lead to unwanted symptoms such as hirsutism (excessive hair growth), acne, and hair thinning on the scalp.

Managing PCOS and addressing insulin resistance becomes critical for improving fertility and overall well-being. Dietary modifications aimed at stabilizing blood sugar levels play a vital role. A balanced diet focusing on whole grains, lean proteins, fruits, and vegetables can assist in managing insulin resistance and mitigating the effects of PCOS on fertility.

Here are four actionable tips to enhance PCOS management and address insulin resistance:

• Regular Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity to enhance insulin sensitivity and aid in weight management. Consistent exercise, such as brisk walking, cycling, or strength training, can significantly improve the body’s response to insulin.
• Stress Reduction Techniques: Incorporate stress-reduction practices like meditation, yoga, or mindfulness to manage cortisol levels. Chronic stress can worsen insulin resistance, so implementing effective stress management strategies is pivotal in PCOS management.
• Adequate Sleep: Prioritize adequate and quality sleep, aiming for 7-9 hours each night. Sufficient sleep plays a crucial role in hormone regulation and insulin sensitivity, contributing to effective PCOS management.
• Consult an Integrative GP: At NIIM we have a range of GPs such as Dr Chuni as well as allied health professionals who have a special interest in women’s health, fertility and PCOS. Regular monitoring and medical guidance are essential in effectively managing PCOS, including insulin resistance, to improve fertility outcomes and overall well-being.

By addressing the root causes and employing a comprehensive approach, women can navigate PCOS more effectively, positively impacting their fertility and quality of life.

By Dr Poonam Chuni – Integrative General Practitioner<
Dr Chuni is interested in women’s health in particular reproductive health, PCOS and perimenopause/menopause. To learn more or book a consult with Dr Chuni, click here.